Louis Sullivan

Pen held over a plan sheet
Born:
September 3, 1856 — Boston, Massachusetts, US
Died:
April 14, 1924 — Chicago, Illinois, US (age 67)

Sullivan gave the steel-frame office building its first clear form: a base for shops, a stack of identical office floors, and a cornice to close the top.

With Dankmar Adler he built theaters, offices and exchanges across Chicago and the Midwest. Adler handled engineering and acoustics; Sullivan handled the facades and drew the cast iron and terracotta ornament himself, dense leaf patterns grown out of simple geometry.

He wrote at length about architecture and democracy. Frank Lloyd Wright worked in his office from the late 1880s into the early 1890s.

Office tower above a street of loft buildings
[PDF]The Tall Office, Reread

Wainwright Building (1891)

St. Louis, Missouri. Ten stories of red brick and terracotta, with continuous vertical piers running between the windows.

Terracotta frieze above a colonnade
Cast iron ornament, close view
Brick loft building corner

Guaranty Building (1896)

Buffalo, New York. A steel frame wrapped on every face in terracotta tiles carrying one repeated ornament.

Masonry block on a street corner
Ornamented column capital
Stone row house in winter

National Farmers’ Bank (1908)

Owatonna, Minnesota. A brick cube with one great arched window on each street face and a stenciled banking hall.

Arched entrance under terracotta bays
Frank Lloyd Wright
Early & Organic
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